מי שמעדיף להגיע ישר לנוסחה ולדלג על ההסברים מוזמן להקליק כאן ולהגיע לסוף העמוד.
מתי משתמשים בצורת הסביל?
When do we use the passive form?
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להדגיש את הפעולה עצמה, פחות מי עשה אותה או איך היא נעשתה |
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To emphasize the action rather than who or what did it. |
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לדוגמא: |
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For example: |
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Sara was raised in a religious home.
The game will be played even if it rains.
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כאשר מבצע הפעולה ברור מאילו, אינו ידוע או אינו חשוב |
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When the doer of the action is obvious, unknown or unimportant. |
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לדוגמא: |
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For example: |
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He was arrested for embezzlement. (The doer is obvious)
My car has been stolen! (The doer is unknown)
Have the winners been announced? (The doer is unimportant)
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איך הופכים משפט לסביל באנגלית?
How do we construct a passive sentence in English?
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We change an active sentence to a passive one in English by making 2 changes:
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כדי להפוך משפט פעיל למשפט סביל באנגלית יש לבצע שני שינויים:
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Modify the verb |
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שינוי בפועל
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◊Add to be in the tense that is appropriate for the context
◊The main verb is used in the past participle (V3). |
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◊להוסיף את פועל העזר be בנטיה של הזמן הרלוונטי לתוכן המשפט
◊הפועל העקרי הופך לצורת V3
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Change the subject |
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שינוי הנושא
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◊ Turn the object of the active sentence into the subject of the passive one.
◊ The subject of the active sentence can then either be ommitted or mentioned at the end, preceeded by the preposition by
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◊ המושא של המשפט הפעיל הופך להיות הנושא של המשפט הסביל.
◊ את הנושא של המשפט הפעיל אפשר להשמיט כליל או להזכיר אותו בסוף כשלפניו מילת היחס by.
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This can be illustrated much more clearly through examples: |
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להלן דוגמאות לָהֶסְבֵּר החוֹפֶר: |
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 All high school students study English. |
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Present Simple |
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English is studied by all high school students. |
Passive: |
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Critics think highly of his films. |
Active: |
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Present Simple |
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His films are highly thought of by critics. |
Passive: |
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Have you ordered the tickets yet? |
Active: |
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Present Perfect |
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Have the tickets been ordered yet? |
Passive: |
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You didn’t tell me the truth. |
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Past Simple |
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I wasn’t told the truth [more common] |
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The truth wasn’t told (to me). [more dramatic] |
Passive II: |
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The auditor will send the report to Samuel. |
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Future Simple |
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The report will be sent to Samuel (by the auditor) |
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XXX Samuel will be sent the report - This sounds really bad!!!
The Passive voice cannot be forced. |
Passive II: |
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להלן הנוסחה להפוך משפט פעיל לסביל עבור כל הזמנים באנגלית :
קישור להסבר ויוצאי דופן של V3
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Examples of sentences in the passive |
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Our parents are often taken for granted. |
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am / is / are + V3 |
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I was bitten by a dog last week. |
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was / were + V3 |
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The project will be completed by Sunday. |
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Future Simple |
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will be + V3 |
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Has the coffee machine been fixed yet? |
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Present Perfect |
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have / has been + V3 |
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Present Perfect Progressive |
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The preperations had been made earlier. |
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Past Perfect |
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had been + V3 |
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Past Perfect Progressive |
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Dinner will have been made by the time you get home |
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Future Perfect |
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will have been + V3 |
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We're being watched... |
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Present Progressive |
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am / is / are being + V3 |
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Was the test being handed out when you arrived? |
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Past Progressive |
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was / were being + V3 |
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Future Progressive |
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The brakes really must be repaired! |
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The brakes really have to be repaired! |
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modal + be + V3 |
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